🧫 Product Risk Assessment
Low Risk
Medium Risk
High Risk
🛡️ Preservative Selection
Traditional
Natural
Broad Spectrum
Specialty
🔬 Challenge Testing
Bacteria
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Staphylococcus aureus
• Escherichia coli
• Staphylococcus aureus
• Escherichia coli
Yeasts & Molds
• Candida albicans
• Aspergillus niger
• Saccharomyces cerevisiae
• Aspergillus niger
• Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Challenge Test Protocol
ISO 11930 / USP 51 Standards:
• Initial inoculum: 10⁵-10⁶ CFU/g
• Test duration: 28 days
• Sampling: 0, 1, 2, 7, 14, 28 days
• Temperature: 20-25°C
• Pass criteria: ≥3 log reduction
• Initial inoculum: 10⁵-10⁶ CFU/g
• Test duration: 28 days
• Sampling: 0, 1, 2, 7, 14, 28 days
• Temperature: 20-25°C
• Pass criteria: ≥3 log reduction
⚖️ Regulatory Compliance
Key Regulatory Limits
EU (Annex V): Maximum concentrations defined
FDA: Generally recognized as safe (GRAS)
Health Canada: Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist
JFRL: Positive list system
NMPA China: Approved preservatives list
FDA: Generally recognized as safe (GRAS)
Health Canada: Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist
JFRL: Positive list system
NMPA China: Approved preservatives list
💡 Safety Considerations
- Always use minimum effective concentration
- Consider synergistic combinations to reduce individual levels
- Monitor for sensitization potential in sensitive populations
- Validate efficacy through proper challenge testing
- Document all safety assessments and testing